🧪 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Acetylene-Free Gas for
AAS & Flame AA

On-site hydrogen generators replace acetylene cylinders for hydride generation and cold vapor AAS — delivering sub-ppb trace metal detection for As, Se, Hg, and 20+ other elements without the hazards and cost of stored compressed gas.

99.9999%
H₂ purity for interference-free HG-AAS
25+
elements via hydride & cold vapor generation
1000×
GFAAS sensitivity over flame AA
0
acetylene cylinders needed for HG-AAS & GFAAS

Every Gas Role in Your AAS Workflow

Atomic absorption spectroscopy draws on hydrogen, nitrogen, and zero air at different points in the measurement process. On-site generation covers all three from a single equipment footprint.

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Hydrogen — Hydride Generation AAS

H₂ is produced alongside volatile hydrides (AsH₃, H₂Se, SbH₃, BiH₃, SnH₄) during NaBH₄ reduction and sweeps them to the quartz tube atomizer. 6N purity is required to prevent catalyst poisoning and spectral interferences.

Purity99.9999%
Typical Flow80–400 cc/min
TechnologyPEM Electrolysis
HG Series
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Hydrogen — Cold Vapor Mercury AAS

CV-AAS for mercury generates Hg⁰ vapor via reduction with SnCl₂ or NaBH₄; H₂ acts as the carrier gas sweeping elemental mercury to the optical cell. Achieves sub-ppb detection limits without a flame or furnace.

Purity99.9999%
Typical Flow50–200 cc/min
TechnologyPEM Electrolysis
HG Series
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Nitrogen — Graphite Furnace AAS Purge

GFAAS requires an inert gas purge during drying, pyrolysis, and atomization stages to remove matrix vapors and prevent graphite tube oxidation. N₂ delivers the inert atmosphere without the cost of argon cylinder supply.

Purity99.999%
Typical Flow200 cc/min–3 L/min
TechnologyPSA
NG Series
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Zero Air — Flame AA Oxidant

Hydrocarbon-free synthetic air from the ZA Series provides a clean oxidant for air-acetylene and air-hydrogen flames. Eliminating hydrocarbon contamination from the oxidant reduces flame background emission and improves baseline stability.

THC<0.1 ppm
Typical Flow8–15 L/min
TechnologyZA Generation
ZA Series

Replacing Acetylene for Hydride Generation & Cold Vapor AAS

Hydride generation AAS (HG-AAS) is the method of choice for ultra-trace determination of arsenic, selenium, antimony, bismuth, lead, tin, tellurium, and germanium — elements where standard flame AA sensitivity is insufficient for environmental, food safety, and clinical matrices. The technique acidifies a sample, adds sodium borohydride (NaBH₄), and the resulting volatile hydrides are swept by hydrogen to a heated quartz tube atomizer above the optical path.

Cold vapor AAS (CV-AAS) extends the same principle to mercury: SnCl₂ or NaBH₄ reduces Hg²⁺ to elemental mercury vapor, which H₂ carries to an unheated absorption cell. This achieves detection limits in the sub-ppb range — without a flame, without a furnace, and without acetylene.

Both techniques require 99.9999% (6N) hydrogen. Hydrocarbon impurities poison the quartz tube surface and introduce spectral background; moisture causes reagent degradation. LNI Swissgas HG Series generators produce 6N H₂ from deionized water on demand — no cylinders, no safety compliance burden, no purity drift between deliveries.

  • As, Se: EPA Methods 200.9, 206.2, 270.3 — drinking water and wastewater compliance
  • Hg: EPA Method 245.1 / 7470A — cold vapor AAS for environmental and hazardous waste
  • Sb, Bi: food safety and pharmaceutical impurity testing
  • Pb, Sn: soil and sediment digests, occupational exposure monitoring
  • Te, Ge: semiconductor process chemicals and advanced materials analysis
One HG MINI serves an entire HG-AAS setup. Flow rates for hydride generation are low — typically 80–300 cc/min — making the compact HG MINI the right fit for most single-instrument AAS labs. The HG PRO covers labs running multiple elements or higher-throughput sequences.

N₂ Purge Gas for Graphite Furnace AAS

Graphite furnace AAS (GFAAS, also called electrothermal AAS or ET-AAS) achieves detection limits 100–1,000× lower than flame techniques by atomizing microlitre sample volumes directly in a heated graphite tube. The technique cycles through programmed temperature stages: drying removes solvent, pyrolysis burns off the matrix, and atomization vaporizes the analyte at 2,000–2,700°C.

Each stage requires a continuous inert gas purge. The purge gas prevents graphite tube oxidation, removes matrix vapors before atomization, and maintains a stable background during measurement. Argon is the traditional choice, but many modern GFAAS instruments accept nitrogen as an equivalent inert purge at substantially lower cost — making on-site N₂ generation via PSA a practical and economical alternative to argon cylinders.

  • Drying stage: N₂ purge at 1–3 L/min removes solvent vapor and prevents condensation on tube ends
  • Pyrolysis stage: purge sweeps matrix combustion products and organic interferents from the tube
  • Atomization stage: purge stops (internal stop-flow) to maximize residence time; then restarts to clear the tube
  • Cooling between firings: N₂ flow accelerates tube cooling, increasing sample throughput
  • 99.999% purity prevents O₂ contamination that oxidizes the graphite tube and shortens its lifespan
N₂ vs. Ar for GFAAS: verify your instrument spec. Most modern instruments (PerkinElmer, Agilent/Varian, Thermo Scientific) accept N₂ as purge gas for GFAAS. Confirm with your instrument manual or application note before switching from argon. SLI can assist with this evaluation.

Clean Power for Hollow Cathode Lamps & Detectors

AAS instruments depend on precise hollow cathode lamp current control, stable photomultiplier tube detector supply voltage, and noise-free signal acquisition electronics. Line voltage fluctuations introduce lamp intensity drift that looks identical to concentration changes — shifting calibration curves and producing false results without triggering any instrument alarm.

A regulated voltage conditioner on the AAS instrument supply eliminates this source of analytical error and protects the lamp power supply from transient damage. For labs where mid-sequence power failures would waste significant sample preparation time — particularly GFAAS autosampler sequences or overnight HG-AAS runs — pairing the conditioner with a UPS ensures any grid event results in a controlled stop, not a corrupted data file.

  • Hollow cathode lamp current stability: eliminates intensity drift from voltage sags
  • PMT detector supply: reduces noise floor contribution from line harmonics
  • Autosampler and autodigestion units: prevent power interruptions during long sequences
  • Gas generators: a conditioner on the HG or NG generator protects the entire analytical chain
  • Data system / workstation: UPS allows controlled shutdown and prevents file corruption
Bundle with your gas generator order. SLI can supply a correctly-sized NXT Power conditioner alongside any HG or NG Series generator as a single configured order — one purchase, one point of contact for installation and support.

Which Elements Need Which Gas

On-site H₂ and N₂ from SLI cover the full range of hydride-forming, cold-vapor, and furnace AAS analytes used in environmental, food, pharmaceutical, and materials labs.

Hydride Generation AAS

H₂ carrier gas · HG Series · 80–400 cc/min
As Se Sb Bi Pb Sn Te Ge In Tl

Cold Vapor AAS

H₂ carrier gas · HG Series · 50–200 cc/min
Hg MeHg EtHg

Graphite Furnace AAS

N₂ purge gas · NG Series · 200 cc/min–3 L/min
Pb Cd Cr Ni Co Cu Mn Mo Al V Fe

Gas Requirements by AAS Technique

Purity and flow specifications for all major AAS gas supply roles. Contact SLI for instrument-specific sizing and generator recommendations.

Application Gas Purity Required Typical Flow SLI Generator
HG-AAS carrier gas (As, Se, Sb, Bi) H₂ 99.9999% 80–300 cc/min HG MINI / HG BASIC
HG-AAS carrier gas (Pb, Sn, Te, Ge) H₂ 99.9999% 100–400 cc/min HG MINI / HG PRO
CV-AAS mercury carrier gas H₂ 99.9999% 50–200 cc/min HG MINI
GFAAS pyrolysis & atomization purge N₂ 99.999% 200–500 cc/min NG EOLO
GFAAS tube cooling between firings N₂ 99.999% 1–3 L/min NG EOLO / SIRIO
Flame AA oxidant (hydrocarbon-free air) Zero Air <0.1 ppm THC 8–15 L/min ZA FID Air
Sample prep N₂ blow-down (pre-digestion) N₂ 99%+ 0.5–5 L/min NG EOLO / SIRIO

Six Reasons AAS Labs Go On-Site

Between acetylene hazards, argon costs, and inter-delivery purity variation, cylinder gases introduce more risk and expense into trace metal analysis than most labs realize.

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Eliminate Acetylene Cylinder Hazards

Acetylene is flammable, shock-sensitive, and subject to strict storage regulations. On-site H₂ generation for HG-AAS produces gas at low pressure on demand — no acetylene stored anywhere in or near the lab.

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Consistent Purity Between Every Run

Cylinder H₂ purity can vary between deliveries. Inter-batch purity changes shift reagent blank values and alter standard curve slopes. On-site generation delivers the same 99.9999% purity every time, from the same source.

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Lower Operating Cost Than Cylinders

High-purity H₂ and N₂ specialty gas cylinders for trace analysis are expensive. On-site generation pays back the capital cost in 12–24 months and then runs on electricity and deionized water only.

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Regulatory Compliance Simplified

EPA Method 200.9, 245.1, 7470A, and related methods specify carrier gas purity. Documented on-site generator output certificates support method compliance records more consistently than cylinder lot-to-lot variation.

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No Supply Chain Interruptions

Gas shortages, delivery delays, and back-orders have disrupted lab operations in recent years. On-site generation eliminates supply chain dependency — as long as the power is on and DI water is flowing, your H₂ is available.

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One Generator, Multiple Techniques

A single HG PRO generator can serve both HG-AAS and CV-AAS mercury workflows — even simultaneously from separate outlets — consolidating two cylinder supply lines into a single benchtop unit.

Works With Every Major AAS Platform

LNI Swissgas generators connect to standard gas fittings. Any AAS instrument that accepts H₂, N₂, or zero air from a cylinder works with on-site generation.

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PerkinElmer

PinAAcle 900 series flame/furnace, AAnalyst 400/800, FIAS flow injection HG system

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Thermo Scientific

iCE 3000 / 3300 / 3500 series flame & furnace, SOLAAR M6 / S series, SOLAAR M6 GFAAS

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Agilent Technologies

240FS AA fast sequential, 240Z GFAAS, 55B/55 Zeeman graphite furnace AAS

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Shimadzu

AA-7000 / AA-6300 series, HVG-1 hydride vapor generator, AA-6880 GFAAS

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Analytik Jena

contrAA 800 D/G high-resolution CS-AAS, ZEEnit 700 P / 650 P Zeeman GFAAS, HydrEA hydride system

Hitachi

Z-2300 / Z-2700 Zeeman GFAAS, ZA3000 series polarized Zeeman atomic absorption

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GBC Scientific

SavantAA Σ flame AAS, AVANTA M / PM graphite furnace, HG 3000 hydride system

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Teledyne CETAC / Milestone

HydraAA CV-AAS mercury analyzer, Tekran 2600 series dissolved mercury — all requiring H₂ carrier

Ready to Eliminate Acetylene from Your AAS Lab?

Tell us your technique — HG-AAS, CV-AAS, GFAAS, or flame AA — and we’ll recommend the right generator configuration.